Simbi ndiro

Isimbi yakati sandara inokandwa nesimbi yakanyungudutswa yotsikiswa mushure mekutonhodzwa.
Iyo yakati sandara, ine rectangular uye inogona kukungurutswa yakananga kana kutemwa kubva kune yakakura simbi mitsetse.
Indiro yesimbi yakakamurwa zvichienderana nekukora, simbi yakatetepa ndiro isingasviki 4 mm (iyo yakaonda ndeye 0.2 mm), yepakati-yakakora ndiro yesimbi ndeye 4-60 mm, uye yakawedzera gobvu simbi ndiro 60-115. mm.
Mashizha esimbi akakamurwa kuita inopisa-yakakungurutswa uye inotonhora-yakakungurutswa maererano nekukunguruka.
Iyo yakafara yeplate yakaonda ndeye 500 ~ 1500 mm;hupamhi hweshizha gobvu i600 ~ 3000 mm.Mashizha akaiswa mumhando yesimbi, anosanganisira simbi yakajairika, yepamusoro-mhando simbi, alloy simbi, chitubu simbi, Stainless simbi, mudziyo simbi, inopisa-inodzivirira kupisa, inotakura simbi, silicon simbi uye indasitiri yakachena simbi pepa, nezvimwewo;Enamel plate, bulletproof plate, etc. Maererano nekuputira pamusoro, pane galvanized sheet, tin-plated sheet, lead-plated sheet, plastiki composite steel plate, nezvimwewo.
Yakaderera alloy structural simbi
(inozivikanwawo seyakajairwa yakaderera alloy simbi, HSLA)
1. Chinangwa
Inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mabhiriji, ngarava, mota, boilers, high-pressure ngarava, mafuta uye gasi pombi, hombe simbi zvimiro, nezvimwe.
2. Kuita zvinodiwa
(1) Simba repamusoro: kazhinji simba regoho rayo riri pamusoro pe300MPa.
(2) Kuomarara kwepamusoro: kureba kunodiwa kuve 15% kusvika 20%, uye kuomarara kwepamhepo tembiricha yakakura kupfuura 600kJ/m kusvika 800kJ/m.Kune mahombe akaiswa welded, kuomarara kwepamusoro kunodiwa zvakare.
(3) Zvakanaka welding kuita uye kutonhora kuumba kuita.
(4) Kudzikira kutonhora-brittle shanduko tembiricha.
(5) Good corrosion resistance.
3. Zvinoumba maitiro
(1) Yakaderera kabhoni: Nekuda kwezvakanyanya zvinodikanwa zvekuoma, weldability uye kutonhora kuumbwa, iyo kabhoni yemukati haipfuure 0.20%.
(2) Wedzera manganese-based alloying elements.
(3) Kuwedzera zvinhu zvinobatsira zvakadai se niobium, titanium kana vanadium: shoma shoma ye niobium, titanium kana vanadium inoumba yakanaka carbides kana carbonitrides musimbi, iyo inobatsira kuwana zviyo zvakanaka zveferrite uye kuvandudza simba uye kuoma kwesimbi .
Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera chidimbu chemhangura (≤0.4%) uye phosphorus (inenge 0.1%) inogona kuvandudza kusagadzikana kwekuora.Kuwedzera huwandu hushoma hwezvisingawanzo zvinhu zvepasi zvinogona kuita desulfurize uye degas, kuchenesa simbi, uye kunatsiridza kuoma uye kuita basa.
4. Inowanzoshandiswa yakaderera alloy structural simbi
16Mn ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye inobereka mhando yepasi-alloy yakakwirira-simba simbi munyika yangu.Mamiriro ari mukushandiswa kwemamiriro ekunze akanaka-grained ferrite-pearlite, uye simba rayo rinenge 20% kusvika 30% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yakajairwa kabhoni structural simbi Q235, uye ayo emuchadenga corrosion kuramba ari 20% kusvika 38% kumusoro.
15MnVN ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa simbi mumasimbi epakati-simba.Iyo ine simba rakakura, uye kusimba kwakanaka, weldability uye yakaderera tembiricha kuoma, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvimiro zvakakura senge mabhiriji, boilers, uye ngarava.
Mushure mesimba resimba rinopfuura 500MPa, iyo ferrite uye pearlite zvimiro zvakaoma kuzadzisa zvinodiwa, saka yakaderera kabhoni bainitic simbi inogadzirwa.Kuwedzerwa kweCr, Mo, Mn, B uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira kuwana bainite chimiro pasi pemamiriro ekutonhora kwemhepo, kuitira kuti simba rive rakakwirira, kuita kwepurasitiki uye welding zviri nani, uye inonyanya kushandiswa mune yakanyanya-kudzvanywa boilers. , high-pressure midziyo, nezvimwewo.
5. Hunhu hwekupisa kurapwa
Iyi mhando yesimbi inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo inopisa-yakaputirwa uye yakatonhodzwa nemhepo uye haidi kurapwa kwakakosha.Iyo microstructure mukushandiswa kwehurumende inowanzova ferrite + sorbite.
Alloy carburized simbi
1. Chinangwa
Inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira magiya ekufambisa mumotokari nematirakita, camshafts, piston piston uye zvimwe zvikamu zvemuchina pane injini dzinopisa dzemukati.Zvikamu zvakadaro zvinotambura nekukwesha kwakasimba uye kupfeka panguva yebasa, uye panguva imwechete inotakura mitoro mikuru inochinjana, kunyanya mitoro inokanganisa.
2. Kuita zvinodiwa
(1) Iyo yepamusoro carburized layer ine yakanyanya kuoma kuti ive nechokwadi chekupfeka kupfeka uye kubata kuneta kuramba, pamwe nepurasitiki yakakodzera uye kuoma.
(2) Nheyo ine kusimba kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwakakwana.Kana iyo kuoma kweiyo musimboti isina kukwana, zviri nyore kutyora pasi pechiito chekukanganisa mutoro kana kuwandisa;kana simba racho risina kukwana, iyo brittle carburized layer inoputsika nyore uye yakapepetwa.
(3) Yakanaka kupisa kupisa maitiro ekuita Pasi peiyo yakanyanya carburizing tembiricha (900℃～950℃), zviyo zve austenite hazvisi nyore kukura uye zvine hurema hwakanaka.
3. Zvinoumba maitiro
(1) Yakaderera kabhoni: iyo kabhoni yemukati inowanzo 0.10% kusvika 0.25%, kuitira kuti musimboti wechikamu uve nepurasitiki yakakwana uye kuoma.
(2) Wedzera alloying zvinhu kuti uvandudze kuoma: Cr, Ni, Mn, B, nezvimwe zvinowanzowedzerwa.
(3) Wedzera zvinhu zvinokanganisa kukura kwezviyo zve austenite: kunyanya kuwedzera zvishoma zve carbide yakasimba yekugadzira zvinhu Ti, V, W, Mo, nezvimwewo kuti uite yakagadzikana alloy carbides.
4. Steel giredhi uye giredhi
20Cr yakaderera kuomarara alloy carburized simbi.Rudzi urwu rwesimbi rune kuomarara kwakaderera uye kusimba kwepakati.
20CrMnTi yepakati kuoma alloy carburized simbi.Iyi mhando yesimbi ine yakanyanya kuomarara, yakaderera overheating senitivity, yakaenzana carburizing transition layer, uye yakanaka mechanic uye tekinoroji zvimiro.
18Cr2Ni4WA uye 20Cr2Ni4A yakakwirira kuomarara alloy carburized simbi.Iyi mhando yesimbi ine zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita seCr neNi, ine kuomarara kwakanyanya, uye ine kusimba kwakanaka uye kuderera-kupisa kunokanganisa kuoma.
5. Kurapa kwekupisa uye microstructure properties
Iyo yekupisa yekurapa maitiro eiyo alloy carburized simbi inowanzo kudzima yakananga mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uyezve kudziya pakudziya kwakaderera.Mushure mekurapa kwekupisa, chimiro chepamusoro carburized layer is alloy cementite + tempered martensite + shoma shoma yakachengetwa austenite, uye kuoma kuri 60HRC ~ 62HRC.Chimiro chepakati chakabatana nekuoma kwesimbi uye kuyambuka-sectional size yezvikamu.Kana yanyatsoomeswa, iri low-carbon tempered martensite nekuoma kwe40HRC kusvika 48HRC;kazhinji, iri troostite, tempered martensite uye shoma shoma yesimbi.Element muviri, kuoma kuri 25HRC ~ 40HRC.Kuoma kwemoyo kunowanzokwira kupfuura 700KJ/m2.
Alloy quenched uye tempered simbi
1. Chinangwa
Alloy yakadzimwa uye simbi yakapfava inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakakosha zvakasiyana pamotokari, matirakita, maturusi emuchina nemimwe michina, senge magiya, shafts, tsvimbo dzekubatanidza, mabhaudhi, nezvimwe.
2. Kuita zvinodiwa
Zvizhinji zvezvikamu zvakadzimwa uye zvakadzikama zvinotakura mitoro yakasiyana-siyana yekushanda, mamiriro ekushushikana akaoma, uye yakakwirira yakazara yemagetsi emagetsi anodiwa, kureva, simba guru uye plastiki yakanaka uye kuoma.Alloy yakadzimwa uye simbi inodziya inodawo kuoma kwakanaka.Zvisinei, kushushikana kwemamiriro ezvinhu ezvikamu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana, uye zvinodiwa zvekuoma zvakasiyana.
3. Zvinoumba maitiro
(1) Kabhoni yepakati: iyo kabhoni yemukati kazhinji iri pakati pe0.25% ne0.50%, ne0.4% muhuwandu;
(2) Kuwedzera zvinhu Cr, Mn, Ni, Si, nezvimwewo kuvandudza kuomarara: Pamusoro pekuvandudza kuomarara, aya alloy zvinhu anogona zvakare kugadzira alloy ferrite uye kuvandudza kusimba kwesimbi.Semuenzaniso, kushanda kwe40Cr simbi mushure mekudzima uye kudziya kurapwa kwakanyanya kupfuura iyo ye45 simbi;
(3) Wedzera zvinhu kudzivirira rudzi rwechipiri rwehasha brittleness: alloy quenched uye tempered simbi ine Ni, Cr, uye Mn, iyo inotarisana nemhando yechipiri yehasha brittleness panguva yekupisa kwepamusoro uye kunonoka kutonhora.Kuwedzera Mo uye W kune simbi kunogona kudzivirira rudzi rwechipiri rwehasha brittleness, uye yakakodzera yemukati inenge 0.15% -0.30% Mo kana 0.8% -1.2% W.
Kuenzanisa kwezvinhu zve45 simbi uye 40Cr simbi mushure mekudzima uye kupisa
Simbi giredhi uye kupisa kupisa mamiriro Chikamu saizi/ mm sb/ MPa ss/MPa d5/ % y/% ak/kJ/m2
45 simbi 850 ℃ mvura inodzima, 550 ℃ kupisa f50 700 500 15 45 700
40Cr simbi 850 ℃ mafuta kudzima, 570 ℃ kupisa f50 (musimboti) 850 670 16 58 1000
4. Steel giredhi uye giredhi
(1) 40Cr yakaderera kuomarara yakadzima uye yakadzikama simbi: Iyo yakakosha dhayamita yekudzima kwemafuta emhando iyi yesimbi ndeye 30mm kusvika 40mm, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakakosha zvehukuru hwese.
(2) 35CrMo yepakati kuomarara alloy yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama simbi: iyo yakakosha dhayamita yekudzima kwemafuta emhando iyi yesimbi ndeye 40mm kusvika 60mm.Kuwedzerwa kwe molybdenum hakugoni kungovandudza kuoma, asiwo kudzivirira rudzi rwechipiri rwekutsamwa brittleness.
(3) 40CrNiMo high hardenability alloy yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama simbi: iyo yakakosha dhayamita yekudzima kwemafuta emhando iyi yesimbi ndeye 60mm-100mm, mazhinji ayo ari chromium-nickel simbi.Kuwedzera yakakodzera molybdenum kune chromium-nickel simbi haingove nekuomarara kwakanaka, asiwo inobvisa rudzi rwechipiri rwehasha brittleness.
5. Kurapa kwekupisa uye microstructure properties
Kupisa kwekupedzisira kurapwa kwealloy yakadzimwa uye yakanyoroveswa simbi inodzima uye yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha (kudzima uye kupisa).Alloy yakadzimwa uye simbi yakapfava ine yakanyanya kuoma, uye oiri inowanzo shandiswa.Kana iyo yakaoma yakanyanya kukura, inogona kunge yakanyoroveswa nemhepo, iyo inogona kuderedza kupisa kwekupisa kuremara.
Mamiriro ekupedzisira e alloy akadzimwa uye simbi yakapfava inoenderana nekudziya kwekushisa.Kazhinji, kupisa pa500 ℃-650 ℃ kunoshandiswa.Nekusarudza kupisa kwekushisa, zvinhu zvinodiwa zvinogona kuwanikwa.Kuti udzivise rudzi rwechipiri rwehasha brittleness, kukurumidza kutonhora (kutonhora kwemvura kana kutonhora kwemafuta) mushure mekupisa kunobatsira kuvandudza kwekuoma.
Iyo microstructure yealloy yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama simbi mushure mekujaira kupisa kurapwa kunopisa sorbite.Kune zvikamu zvinoda kusakara-kupfeka nzvimbo (senge magiya uye maspindle), induction inodziya pamusoro pekudzima uye yakaderera-tembiricha kudziya kunoitwa, uye chimiro chepamusoro chinopisa martensite.Iko kuoma kwepamusoro kunogona kusvika 55HRC ~ 58HRC.
Simba regoho reiyo alloy yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama simbi mushure mekudzima uye kupisa ingangoita 800MPa, uye iko kuomarara kwe800kJ/m2, uye kuoma kwepakati kunogona kusvika 22HRC ~ 25HRC.Kana hukuru hwemuchinjikwa hwakakura uye husina kuomeswa, kushanda kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya.